ABSTRACT
the process of forming tomans in iran during mongal period
BY: A. Manda khaneghah
Dividing countries in to smaller parts is one of the most important strategy for rulling the teritoris under their contlol . that is why it has allways been of special importance . in Iran also it has been the same before and just durins .the mongols came to power and had the control over the territories as well as the changing.
investigating the Irans history the importance and goals that played a role in formation of these division will become even more important when we witnessed an attack from outside the borders toward the government states. When the alien forces in habited in the country in order to be able to dominate. That terriory they will inevitably make changes in the area , for example, Iran was fac ed with such a situaten during Mongols domination . when the Mongols invaded Iran and conquered it , they did amass destruction over there as a result of their violence in killing people and destorying their cities , social and economic structure of the in vaded areas have suffered a break and followed by political , economical and social disordes. Until the Hlakukhan conquest, the Mongols most important governs were custos that were given the power to control the conquered cities.
But then Halakukhan moved to Iran .mongols governed Iran officially and they used their way of governing over Iran. First they chose Maraghe then Tabriz and Soltania as the capital, and when they stationed there pri merily they implemented new divisions based on economical and political condition in the conquered areas.in wich some states of Iran were divided in tomans. Regarding the country divisions , were formed only in the states of Azarbaiejan and Ajam Irak , bused on which . each these states were divided in to different tomans.
In this research : besides a glance on the mongol conquests and a survey of Irans divisions , we will invest: gate the political , social, economic and religious tomans separately.
Keyword : Iran , mongols , states , tomans , Azarbaijan , ajam Irak
Shiraz University
Faculty of Literature and Humanities
A.M.KH. Thesis In Islamic Iran History
the process of forming tomans in iran during mongal period
BY
ARDESHIR MANDA KHANGHAH
Supervised BY
DR. A.KHEIRANDISH
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- - (رجوع شود به کتاب احسن التقاسیم ومسالک الممالک)، ↑
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- - باسقاق اصطلاحی ترکی است که معادل آن داروغه یا داروغه چی است رجوع شود به مغولها ، اثر دیوید مورگان ، ص ۱۳۱. ↑
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- - ، برای اطلاعات بیشتر در چگونگی و تاریخ و به تخت نشستن منکو مراجعه شود، به تاریخ جهانگشای ، ج ۳ صفحات ۴۰-۱۵. ↑
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- برای اطلاعات بیشتر رجوع شود به کتاب شیراز نامه اثر زرکوب شیرازی ،صفحات ،۱۰۵-۱۰۰ ↑
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- -مستوفی می نویسد : « شهری است به دو قسم بر کنار زنده رود بالای اصفهان » ↑
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- - که ایذه یا مال امیر هم نامیده می شود ، در استان خوزستان و جنوب غربی ایران قرار دارد. ↑
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- - مستوفی در مورد آن می نویسد : «شهر سوس را گویند .شهری کوچک است بر جانب دو آب نهاده» ↑
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- - این شهر در جنوب استان چهارمحال بختیاری واقع است . ↑
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- - هرچند که حمدالله مستوفی تاریخ مرگ وی را سال ۶۸۰ هـ . آورده اما گویا در آن مورد دچار اشتباه شده است- تاریخ گزیده ، ص ۵۴۶. ↑
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- - ولا یا دالا یا دالای ، به پیروان خان بزرگ اطلاق می شده و سپس شامل زمینهای بوده که بلا فصل از آن خود او بوده است .تداوم و تحول در تاریخ ایران میانه ، ص۱۳۱ ↑
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